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G8B04

SIGNALS AND EMISSIONS · - Frequency changing; bandwidths of various modes; deviation; intermodulation

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What is the stage in a VHF FM transmitter that generates a harmonic of a lower frequency signal to reach the desired operating frequency?

  1. AMixer
  2. BReactance modulator
  3. CBalanced converter
  4. DMultiplier
Why A frequency multiplier is a stage deliberately driven into nonlinearity so its output is rich in harmonics, and a tuned circuit at the output selects the desired harmonic (2x, 3x, etc.) of the input. Classic VHF FM transmitters generate the signal at a low frequency where a crystal oscillator and reactance modulator work well, then multiply up to the operating frequency. A useful side effect is that the frequency deviation is multiplied by the same factor, so a small deviation at the oscillator becomes the full 5 kHz deviation on the air.
Watch out A mixer is the tempting pick, but mixing combines two different input frequencies to produce sum and difference products, not a harmonic of a single input. A reactance modulator is what applies the FM in the first place.
Multiplier = multiply the frequency (and the deviation) by a whole number; mixer needs two inputs, multiplier needs one.
HamSandwich explanation, first draft. The question and answers are the NCVEC text.
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The rest of G8B

  1. G8B01 Which mixer input is varied or tuned to convert signals of different frequencies to an intermediate frequency…
  2. G8B02 What is the term for interference from a signal at twice the IF frequency from the desired signal?
  3. G8B03 What is another term for the mixing of two RF signals?
  4. G8B04 What is the stage in a VHF FM transmitter that generates a harmonic of a lower frequency signal to reach the …
  5. G8B05 Which intermodulation products are closest to the original signal frequencies?
  6. G8B06 What is the total bandwidth of an FM phone transmission having 5 kHz deviation and 3 kHz modulating frequency?
  7. G8B07 What is the frequency deviation for a 12.21 MHz reactance modulated oscillator in a 5 kHz deviation, 146.52 M…
  8. G8B08 Why is it important to know the duty cycle of the mode you are using when transmitting?
  9. G8B09 Why is it good to match receiver bandwidth to the bandwidth of the operating mode?
  10. G8B10 What is the relationship between transmitted symbol rate and bandwidth?
  11. G8B11 What combination of a mixer's Local Oscillator (LO) and RF input frequencies is found in the output?
  12. G8B12 What process combines two signals in a non-linear circuit to produce unwanted spurious outputs?
  13. G8B13 Which of the following is an odd-order intermodulation product of frequencies F1 and F2?
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