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E8C05

SIGNALS AND EMISSIONS · Digital signals: digital communication modes; information rate vs. bandwidth; error correction; constellation diagrams

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What is the approximate bandwidth of a 13-WPM International Morse Code transmission?

  1. A13 Hz
  2. B26 Hz
  3. C52 Hz
  4. D104 Hz
Why For on-off keyed CW the bandwidth depends on the keying speed, not on the transmit frequency. The standard estimate is bandwidth = baud rate times a fading factor K, where K is about 5 for hand-sent Morse. A 13 WPM signal has a keying rate of roughly 10.4 baud (about 0.8 times the words per minute), so 10.4 x 5 gives approximately 52 Hz.
Watch out The choices equal to the WPM number or twice it come from just reading the speed off the question; they ignore the fading factor of 5 that the standard CW bandwidth estimate applies.
CW bandwidth is roughly 4 times the WPM: 13 WPM x 4 = 52 Hz.
HamSandwich explanation, first draft. The question and answers are the NCVEC text.
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The rest of E8C

  1. E8C01 What is Quadrature Amplitude Modulation or QAM?
  2. E8C02 What is the definition of symbol rate in a digital transmission?
  3. E8C03 Why should the phase of a PSK signal be changed at the zero crossing of the RF signal?
  4. E8C04 What technique minimizes the bandwidth of a PSK31 signal?
  5. E8C05 What is the approximate bandwidth of a 13-WPM International Morse Code transmission?
  6. E8C06 What is the bandwidth of an FT8 signal?
  7. E8C07 What is the bandwidth of a 4,800-Hz frequency shift, 9,600-baud ASCII FM transmission?
  8. E8C08 How does ARQ accomplish error correction?
  9. E8C09 Which digital code allows only one bit to change between sequential code values?
  10. E8C10 How can data rate be increased without increasing bandwidth?
  11. E8C11 What is the relationship between symbol rate and baud?
  12. E8C12 What factors affect the bandwidth of a transmitted CW signal?
  13. E8C13 What is described by the constellation diagram of a QAM or QPSK signal?
  14. E8C14 What type of addresses do nodes have in a mesh network?
  15. E8C15 What technique do individual nodes use to form a mesh network?
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