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G4C09

AMATEUR RADIO PRACTICES · - Interference to consumer electronics; grounding and bonding

G4C09G4C →

How can the effects of ground loops be minimized?

  1. AConnect all ground conductors in series
  2. BConnect the AC neutral conductor to the ground wire
  3. CAvoid using lock washers and star washers when making ground connections
  4. DBond equipment enclosures together
Why A ground loop happens when two pieces of equipment reach ground by different paths, so RF or AC currents circulate between them and appear as hum or RF in the signal path. The fix is to tie all the equipment enclosures together with short, heavy bonding straps so everything in the station sits at the same potential and there is no voltage difference to drive current through the interconnecting cables. Good bonding practice is a single-point station ground with everything bonded, not a collection of separate ground paths.
Watch out Connecting grounds in series (daisy-chaining to one rod) is exactly what creates the loops and differing potentials; and tying the AC neutral to the ground wire anywhere but the service entrance is a serious code violation that can put current on your ground conductors.
Bond everything together, short and heavy. Equal potential means no loop current.
HamSandwich explanation, first draft. The question and answers are the NCVEC text.
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The rest of G4C

  1. G4C01 Which of the following might be useful in reducing RF interference to audio frequency circuits?
  2. G4C02 Which of the following could be a cause of interference covering a wide range of frequencies?
  3. G4C03 What sound is heard from an audio device experiencing RF interference from a single sideband phone transmitte…
  4. G4C04 What sound is heard from an audio device experiencing RF interference from a CW transmitter?
  5. G4C05 What is a possible cause of high voltages that produce RF burns?
  6. G4C06 What is a possible effect of a resonant ground connection?
  7. G4C07 Why should soldered joints not be used in lightning protection ground connections?
  8. G4C08 Which of the following would reduce RF interference caused by common-mode current on an audio cable?
  9. G4C09 How can the effects of ground loops be minimized?
  10. G4C10 What could be a symptom caused by a ground loop in your station's audio connections?
  11. G4C11 What technique helps to minimize RF "hot spots" in an amateur station?
  12. G4C12 Why must all metal enclosures of station equipment be grounded?
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